5. Two types of motivation
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리스닝 듣기
Question:
Using points and examples from the talk, explain two types of motivation presented by the professor.
말하기 준비 시간: 30초
말하기 녹음 시간: 1분
리스닝 스크립트
Why do we do the things we do? What drives us to participate in certain activities, to buy a certain car or even to choose a certain career? In other words, what motivates us to do what we do? Well, in studies of motivation, psychologists distinguish between two very different types: our reasons for doing something, our motivations can be extrinsic, in other words, based on some kind of external reward like praise or money; or they can be intrinsic, meaning we engage in the activity because it pleases us internally. Both create strong forces that lead us to behave in certain ways. However, intrinsic motivation is generally considered to be more long-lasting than the other.
As I said, extrinsic motivation is external; it’s the desire to behave in a certain way in order to obtain some kind of external reward. A child, for example, who regularly does small jobs around the house, does them not because she enjoys taking out the garbage or doing the dishes, but because she knows if she does these things she’ll be given a small amount of money for doing them. But how motivated would the child be to continue doing the work if her parents suddenly stop giving her money for it?
With intrinsic or internal motivation, we want to do something because we enjoy it or get a sense of accomplishment from it. Most people who are internally motivated get pleasure from the activity, so they just feel good about doing it. For example, I go to the gym several times a week. I don’t go because I’m training for a marathon or anything; I just enjoy it. I have more energy after I exercise and I know it’s good for my health. So it makes me feel good about myself, and that’s what kept me going there for the past five years.
30점을 위한 해설
There are two different types of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic. (두가지 다른 종류의 동기가 있는데 외재적인 동기와 내재적인 동기이다)
Extrinsic motivation comes from an external source. (외재적 동기는 외부의 원천으로부터 온다)
That is, people behave to receive some sort of external reward. (즉, 사람은 어떤 외부적인 보상을 받기 위해 행동한다)
For example, for a child who helps with house chores, he or she does this because he or she knows he or she will receive money as a reward. (예를 들어, 집안 일을 돕는 아이는 보상으로 돈을 받을 것을 알기 때문에 그렇게 하는 것이다)
Therefore, a money reward is a child’s motivation that drives a child to do something and the money is an external source. (그러므로 돈 보상은 아이들이 그렇게 하도록 유도하는 동기가 되며 그리고 돈 보상은 외부적인 원천이다)
On the other hand, when people do something because they enjoy it, it is called intrinsic motivation. (반면, 사람들이 그것을 즐기기 때문에 무엇을 했을 때, 그것은 내재적 동기라고 불린다)
For example, when a person goes to a gym to exercise, he or she has more energy and a healthy body shape. (예를 들어, 사람이 운동하기 위해 헬스장에 갔을 때, 그 사람은 더 많은 에너지와 건강한 체형을 가질 수 있다)
This makes the person feel good. (이것은 그 사람이 좋은 느낌을 갖도록 해준다)
So the source that makes the person continues to go to a gym comes from himself of herself, not from an external source. (그래서 그 사람을 계속해서 헬스장에 가도록 만드는 원천은 외부의 원천으로부터가 아니라 그 자신이나 그녀 자신으로부터 나온 것이다)
(샘플 답안)
In the lecture, the professor delineates between two types of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic.
Extrinsic motivation originates from an external source, prompting individuals to behave in order to obtain some form of external reward. For instance, a child who assists with household chores may do so because they anticipate receiving money as a reward. In this scenario, money serves as the external incentive driving the child’s motivation.
Conversely, intrinsic motivation arises from within an individual, stemming from personal enjoyment or satisfaction derived from the activity itself. For example, when a person exercises at the gym, they may experience increased energy levels and improved physical health and appearance, leading to a sense of personal fulfillment. In this case, the individual’s motivation to continue exercising is driven by their internal desire for self-improvement and well-being, rather than by any external rewards.
Question:
Using points and examples from the talk, explain two types of motivation presented by the professor.
말하기 준비 시간: 30초
말하기 녹음 시간: 1분
리스닝 스크립트
Why do we do the things we do? What drives us to participate in certain activities, to buy a certain car or even to choose a certain career? In other words, what motivates us to do what we do? Well, in studies of motivation, psychologists distinguish between two very different types: our reasons for doing something, our motivations can be extrinsic, in other words, based on some kind of external reward like praise or money; or they can be intrinsic, meaning we engage in the activity because it pleases us internally. Both create strong forces that lead us to behave in certain ways. However, intrinsic motivation is generally considered to be more long-lasting than the other.
As I said, extrinsic motivation is external; it’s the desire to behave in a certain way in order to obtain some kind of external reward. A child, for example, who regularly does small jobs around the house, does them not because she enjoys taking out the garbage or doing the dishes, but because she knows if she does these things she’ll be given a small amount of money for doing them. But how motivated would the child be to continue doing the work if her parents suddenly stop giving her money for it?
With intrinsic or internal motivation, we want to do something because we enjoy it or get a sense of accomplishment from it. Most people who are internally motivated get pleasure from the activity, so they just feel good about doing it. For example, I go to the gym several times a week. I don’t go because I’m training for a marathon or anything; I just enjoy it. I have more energy after I exercise and I know it’s good for my health. So it makes me feel good about myself, and that’s what kept me going there for the past five years.
30점을 위한 해설
There are two different types of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic. (두가지 다른 종류의 동기가 있는데 외재적인 동기와 내재적인 동기이다)
Extrinsic motivation comes from an external source. (외재적 동기는 외부의 원천으로부터 온다)
That is, people behave to receive some sort of external reward. (즉, 사람은 어떤 외부적인 보상을 받기 위해 행동한다)
For example, for a child who helps with house chores, he or she does this because he or she knows he or she will receive money as a reward. (예를 들어, 집안 일을 돕는 아이는 보상으로 돈을 받을 것을 알기 때문에 그렇게 하는 것이다)
Therefore, a money reward is a child’s motivation that drives a child to do something and the money is an external source. (그러므로 돈 보상은 아이들이 그렇게 하도록 유도하는 동기가 되며 그리고 돈 보상은 외부적인 원천이다)
On the other hand, when people do something because they enjoy it, it is called intrinsic motivation. (반면, 사람들이 그것을 즐기기 때문에 무엇을 했을 때, 그것은 내재적 동기라고 불린다)
For example, when a person goes to a gym to exercise, he or she has more energy and a healthy body shape. (예를 들어, 사람이 운동하기 위해 헬스장에 갔을 때, 그 사람은 더 많은 에너지와 건강한 체형을 가질 수 있다)
This makes the person feel good. (이것은 그 사람이 좋은 느낌을 갖도록 해준다)
So the source that makes the person continues to go to a gym comes from himself of herself, not from an external source. (그래서 그 사람을 계속해서 헬스장에 가도록 만드는 원천은 외부의 원천으로부터가 아니라 그 자신이나 그녀 자신으로부터 나온 것이다)
(샘플 답안)
In the lecture, the professor delineates between two types of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic.
Extrinsic motivation originates from an external source, prompting individuals to behave in order to obtain some form of external reward. For instance, a child who assists with household chores may do so because they anticipate receiving money as a reward. In this scenario, money serves as the external incentive driving the child’s motivation.
Conversely, intrinsic motivation arises from within an individual, stemming from personal enjoyment or satisfaction derived from the activity itself. For example, when a person exercises at the gym, they may experience increased energy levels and improved physical health and appearance, leading to a sense of personal fulfillment. In this case, the individual’s motivation to continue exercising is driven by their internal desire for self-improvement and well-being, rather than by any external rewards.